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8.1 Metabolism

IB Syllabus Statements

Understandings:

  • Metabolic pathways consist of chains and cycles of enzyme-catalysed reactions.

  • Enzymes lower the activation energy of the chemical reactions that they catalyse.

  • Enzyme inhibitors can be competitive or non-competitive.

  • Metabolic pathways can be controlled by end-product inhibition.

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Applications and skills:

  • Application: End-product inhibition of the pathway that converts threonine to isoleucine.

  • Application: Use of databases to identify potential new anti-malarial drugs.

  • Skill: Calculating and plotting rates of reaction from raw experimental results.

  • Skill: Distinguishing different types of inhibition from graphs at specified substrate concentration.

Videos

Activation Energy with Enzymes

Calculating Rates of Reaction

Enzyme Inhibition

Databases for Anti-malarial Drugs

Allosteric Enzyme Inhibition

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Topic 8.1 Metabolism SSaQ (Syllabus Statement as Questions)

  • Explain the relationship between metabolic pathways and enzymes.

  • What effect do enzymes have on the chemical reactions they catalyze?

  • Compare competitive and non-competitive inhibition in enzymes.

  • Explain the concept of end-product inhibition in the control of metabolic pathways.

  • Using the example of the pathway that converts threonine to isoleucine, explain end-product inhibition.

  • How are databases and bioinformatics useful for identifying potential new drugs, e.g. anti-malarial drug?

  • Describe how you can calculate a rate of reaction from raw experimental data.

  • Draw and annotate two graphs to compare the expected results from competitive vs. non-competitive inhibition.

  • Compare the use of ethanol and fomepizole as an inhibitor for antifreeze poisoning.

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